Clinical Outcome
Definition
A clinical outcome is a measure that reflects how a patient feels, functions, or survives. Examples include symptom relief, disease progression, quality of life, disability, and mortality.
Correct Scientific Usage
Clinical outcomes are regarded as the gold standard for evaluating treatment benefit because they directly reflect patient experience and real-world impact. Clinical outcome trials are considered stronger evidence than studies only using surrogate endpoints.
Common Misunderstandings
People often don’t distinguish between laboratory improvements and actual health improvements. There is also confusion about what outcomes matter most. Statistically significant changes in a biomarker may not be clinically meaningful to patients.
Why It Matters
Clinical outcomes anchor medical research to what actually matters to patients. Without them, evidence risks becoming biologically impressive but clinically irrelevant.
References
- Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), HealthMeasures
- Types of outcomes in clinical research, Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology
Related Terms
Related Articles
- Biomarkers vs. Survival: Why Measuring Change Isn’t the Same as Measuring Benefit
- What 'Backed by Science' Really Means
- Why One Study Is Almost Never Enough